Cardiovascular outcomes in type 1 and type 2 diabetes – published online14/01/2023

Annika Rosengren, Pigi Dikaiou

A typical adult with type 1 diabetes is different from adults with type 2 diabetes, with respect to mean age, duration of diabetes and body size. While individuals with type 2 diabetes are generally older and have higher levels of other cardiometabolic risk factors, those with type 1 typically have longer exposure to high plasma glucose levels. In this issue, Rosengren and Dikaiou (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-022-05857-5) discuss why both types of diabetes face increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The authors highlight that in each type of diabetes, absolute risk and excess risk, compared with the general population, vary depending on the control of other factors. However, few studies have formally compared the two types, and those studies that have done so have reached different conclusions. Accordingly, there is as yet no consensus on which type of diabetes fares worse with respect to cardiovascular disease. The authors conclude that future studies in large, unselected populations are needed, taking other risk factors into account. The figures from this review are available as a downloadable slideset.

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